What is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
What is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
ADHD, also called attention-deficit disorder, is a behavior disorder, usually first diagnosed in childhood, that is characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and, in some cases, hyperactivity. These symptoms usually occur together, however, one may occur without the other(s).
The symptoms of hyperactivity, when present, are almost always apparent by the age of 7 and may be apparent in very young preschoolers. Inattention or attention-deficit may not be evident until a child faces the expectations of elementary school.
What are the different types of ADHD?
Three major types of ADHD include the following:
ADHD, combined type
This, the most common type of ADHD, is characterized by impulsive and hyperactive behaviors as well as inattention and distractibility.
ADHD, impulsive/hyperactive type
This, the least common type of ADHD, is characterized by impulsive and hyperactive behaviors without inattention and distractibility.
ADHD, inattentive and distractible type
This type of AHD is characterized predominately by inattention and distractibility without hyperactivity.
What causes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
ADHD is one of the most researched areas in child and adolescent mental health. However, the precise cause of the disorder is still unknown. Available evidence suggests that ADHD is genetic. It is a brain-based biological disorder. Low levels of dopamine (a brain chemical), which is a neurotransmitter (a type of brain chemical), are found in children with ADHD. Brain imaging studies using PET scanners (positron emission tomography; a form of brain imaging that makes it possible to observe the human brain at work) show that brain metabolism in children with ADHD is lower in the areas of the brain that control attention, social judgment, and movement.
Who is affected by attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
Estimates suggest that between 3 and 9 percent of all children have ADHD. It is more common in boys than in girls with the ratio estimated between 4:1 and 9:1, respectively.
Many parents of children with ADHD experienced symptoms of ADHD when they were younger. ADHD is commonly found in brothers and sisters within the same family. Most families seek help when their child’s symptoms begin to interfere with learning and adjustment to the expectations of school and age-appropriate activities.
What are the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
Most symptoms seen in children with ADHD also occur at times in children without this disorder. However, in children with ADHD, these symptoms occur more frequently and interfere with learning, school adjustment, and, sometimes, with the child’s relationships with others.
The following are the most common symptoms of ADHD. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. The three categories of symptoms of ADHD include the following:
inattention:
short attention span for age (difficulty sustaining attention)
difficulty listening to others
difficulty attending to details
easily distracted
forgetful
poor organizational skills for age
poor study skills for age
impulsivity:
often interrupts others
has difficulty waiting for his/her turn in school and/or social games
tends to blurt out answers instead of waiting to be called upon
takes frequent risks, and often without thinking before acting
hyperactivity:
seems to be in constant motion; runs or climbs, at times with no apparent goal except motion
has difficulty remaining in his/her seat even when it is expected
fidgets with hands or squirms when in his/her seat; fidgeting excessively
talks excessively
has difficulty engaging in quiet activities
loses or forgets things repeatedly and often
inability to stay on task; shifts from one task to another without bringing any to completion
The symptoms of ADHD may resemble other medical conditions or behavior problems. Always consult your child’s or adolescent’s physician for a diagnosis.
How is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosed?
ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed behavior disorder of childhood. A pediatrician, child psychiatrist, or a qualified mental health professional usually identifies ADHD in children. A detailed history of the child’s behavior from parents and teachers, observations of the child’s behavior, and psychoeducational testing contribute to making the diagnosis of ADHD. Further, because ADHD is a group of symptoms, often diagnosis depends on evaluating results from several different types of evaluations, including physical, neurological, and psychological. Certain tests may be used to rule out other conditions, and some may be used to test intelligence and certain skill sets. Always consult your child’s (adolescent’s) physician for more information.
Treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder:
Specific treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder will be determined by your child’s (adolescent’s) physician based on:
your child’s (adolescent’s) age, overall health, and medical history
extent of your child’s (adolescent’s) symptoms
your child’s (adolescent’s) tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
expectations for the course of the condition
your opinion or preference
Major components of treatment for children with ADHD include parental support and education in behavioral training, appropriate school placement, and medication (psychostimulants). Treatment with a psychostimulant is highly effective in 75 to 90 percent of children with ADHD.
Treatment may include:
psychostimulant medications (stimulants)
Psychostimulant medications, used for their ability to balance chemicals in the brain that prohibit the child from maintaining attention and controlling impulses, may be used to reduce the major characteristics of ADHD, which include the following:
inattention
impulsivity
hyperactivity
There are four different psychostimulant medications that are commonly used to treat ADHD, including the following :
methylphenidate (Ritalin)
dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
pemoline (Cylert)
a mixture of amphetamine salts (Adderall)
Psychostimulants have been used to treat childhood behavior disorders since the 1930s. They have been widely studied. Stimulants take effect in the body quickly, work for one to four hours, and then leave the body quickly. Doses of stimulant medications need to be timed to match the child’s school schedule - to help the child pay attention for a longer period of time and improve classroom performance. The common side effects of stimulants may include, but are not limited to, the following:
insomnia
decreased appetite
stomach aches
headaches
jitteriness
rebound activation (when the effect of the stimulant wears off hyperactive and impulsive behaviors may increase for a short period of time)
Most side effects of stimulant use are mild, decrease with regular use, and respond to dose changes. Always discuss potential side effects with your child’s physician.
Antidepressant medications may also be administered for children and adolescents with ADHD to help improve attention while decreasing aggression, anxiety, and/or depression.
psychosocial treatments
Parenting children with ADHD may be difficult and can present challenges that create stress within the family. Classes in behavior management skills for parents can help reduce stress for all family members. Training in behavior management skills for parents usually occurs in a group setting which encourages parent-to-parent support. Behavior management skills may include the following:
use of “time out”
point systems
contingent attention (responding to child with positive attention when desired behaviors occur; withholding attention when undesired behaviors occurs)
Teachers may also be taught behavior management skills to use in the classroom setting. Training for teachers usually includes use of daily behavior reports that communicate in-school behaviors to parents.
Behavior management techniques tend to improve targeted behaviors (such as completing school work or keeping the child’s hands to himself/herself), but are not usually helpful in reducing inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity.
Prevention of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder:
Preventive measures to reduce the incidence of ADHD in children are not known at this time. However, early detection and intervention can reduce the severity of symptoms, decrease the interference of behavioral symptoms on school functioning, enhance the child’s normal growth and developmental process, and improve the quality of life experienced by children or adolescents with ADHD
Best Wishes and Lot’s of Love,
Arthur Buchanan
Out of Darkness & Into the Light
209 Ellis Ave. Suite 1313
Bellevue, Ohio44811
Listen To My RADIO SHOW! Wednesday @ 6:00 Eastern
Standard!
CRAZY TALK RADIO - Mental Illness and Me!
They are calling Arthur Buchanan’s methods of recovering from mental illness REVOLUTIONARY! (MEDICALCOLLEGE OF MICHIGAN) ‘Arthur Buchanan has given us a revolutionary blue print for recovery in these uncertain times, when Mental Illness at a all time high in the United States of America, yet if you follow this young mans methods, we assure you of positive results and I QUOTE ‘If these methods are followed precisely, their is no way you can’t see positive results with whatever illness you have’ -Dr. Herbert Palos Detroit, Michigan
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=======================================================================
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www.adhdandme.com www.mentalillnessandme.com
Starting Jan. 1St Me and My Dr Leland Heller, Will Have a Free
CD Out, Totally Free All You Have to Do Is Pay The Shipping
And Handling Charges.
This Is This My Drs. Leland Heller’s Website
www.biologicalunhappiness.com
The People That Have Listened To This Free CD Have Told Us
That We Should Charge $197 for This Groundbreaking CD,
You Will Never Forgive Yourself If You Pass This Up, Run Don’t
Walk To Get This Groundbreaking CD, It Will Literally Change
The Way You Look At Mental Health!!!
Jan. 1st We Will Be Offering a Free Newsletter From My
Doc. And I, We Will Answer 5 of The Most Pressing Questions
A Month and We Will List Them On The Websites, So Get Your Free CD.
Save a Life Yours!!
=======================================================================
I use This, Enough Said! GET It NOW!
buckster7.affirmware.hop.clickbank.net/Affirmation
=======================================================================
We would also like to inform you of three free reports. Sign-up up for the one you would like to have… or signup for all three.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition that becomes apparent in some children in the preschool and early school years. It is hard for these children to control their behavior and/or pay attention. It is estimated that between 3 and 5 percent of children have ADHD, or approximately 2 million children in the United States. This means that in a classroom of 25 to 30 children, it is likely that at least one will have ADHD.
(ADHD) Free Report
=======================================================================
This Is Life changing; I would tell you to get this,
Even if you were my own brother!
www.1shoppingcart.com/app/?af=704015
buckster7.johnhh.hop.clickbank.net/
=======================================================================
Depression is a serious medical condition that involves the body, mood, and thoughts. People with a depressive illness cannot merely “pull themselves together” and get better. Without treatment, symptoms can last for weeks, months, or years. Appropriate treatment, however, can help most people who have depression.
Depression: Free Report
Anxiety is a normal reaction to stress. It helps one deal with a tense situation in the office, study harder for an exam, keep focused on an important speech. In general, it helps one cope. But when anxiety becomes an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations, it has become a disabling disorder.
(Anxiety) Free Report
Go To www.out-of-darkness.com or www.biologicalhappiness.com and get your free reports!
The symptoms of hyperactivity, when present, are almost always apparent by the age of 7 and may be apparent in very young preschoolers. Inattention or attention-deficit may not be evident until a child faces the expectations of elementary school.
What are the different types of ADHD?
Three major types of ADHD include the following:
ADHD, combined type
This, the most common type of ADHD, is characterized by impulsive and hyperactive behaviors as well as inattention and distractibility.
ADHD, impulsive/hyperactive type
This, the least common type of ADHD, is characterized by impulsive and hyperactive behaviors without inattention and distractibility.
ADHD, inattentive and distractible type
This type of AHD is characterized predominately by inattention and distractibility without hyperactivity.
What causes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
ADHD is one of the most researched areas in child and adolescent mental health. However, the precise cause of the disorder is still unknown. Available evidence suggests that ADHD is genetic. It is a brain-based biological disorder. Low levels of dopamine (a brain chemical), which is a neurotransmitter (a type of brain chemical), are found in children with ADHD. Brain imaging studies using PET scanners (positron emission tomography; a form of brain imaging that makes it possible to observe the human brain at work) show that brain metabolism in children with ADHD is lower in the areas of the brain that control attention, social judgment, and movement.
Who is affected by attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
Estimates suggest that between 3 and 9 percent of all children have ADHD. It is more common in boys than in girls with the ratio estimated between 4:1 and 9:1, respectively.
Many parents of children with ADHD experienced symptoms of ADHD when they were younger. ADHD is commonly found in brothers and sisters within the same family. Most families seek help when their child’s symptoms begin to interfere with learning and adjustment to the expectations of school and age-appropriate activities.
What are the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
Most symptoms seen in children with ADHD also occur at times in children without this disorder. However, in children with ADHD, these symptoms occur more frequently and interfere with learning, school adjustment, and, sometimes, with the child’s relationships with others.
The following are the most common symptoms of ADHD. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. The three categories of symptoms of ADHD include the following:
inattention:
short attention span for age (difficulty sustaining attention)
difficulty listening to others
difficulty attending to details
easily distracted
forgetful
poor organizational skills for age
poor study skills for age
impulsivity:
often interrupts others
has difficulty waiting for his/her turn in school and/or social games
tends to blurt out answers instead of waiting to be called upon
takes frequent risks, and often without thinking before acting
hyperactivity:
seems to be in constant motion; runs or climbs, at times with no apparent goal except motion
has difficulty remaining in his/her seat even when it is expected
fidgets with hands or squirms when in his/her seat; fidgeting excessively
talks excessively
has difficulty engaging in quiet activities
loses or forgets things repeatedly and often
inability to stay on task; shifts from one task to another without bringing any to completion
The symptoms of ADHD may resemble other medical conditions or behavior problems. Always consult your child’s or adolescent’s physician for a diagnosis.
How is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosed?
ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed behavior disorder of childhood. A pediatrician, child psychiatrist, or a qualified mental health professional usually identifies ADHD in children. A detailed history of the child’s behavior from parents and teachers, observations of the child’s behavior, and psychoeducational testing contribute to making the diagnosis of ADHD. Further, because ADHD is a group of symptoms, often diagnosis depends on evaluating results from several different types of evaluations, including physical, neurological, and psychological. Certain tests may be used to rule out other conditions, and some may be used to test intelligence and certain skill sets. Always consult your child’s (adolescent’s) physician for more information.
Treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder:
Specific treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder will be determined by your child’s (adolescent’s) physician based on:
your child’s (adolescent’s) age, overall health, and medical history
extent of your child’s (adolescent’s) symptoms
your child’s (adolescent’s) tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
expectations for the course of the condition
your opinion or preference
Major components of treatment for children with ADHD include parental support and education in behavioral training, appropriate school placement, and medication (psychostimulants). Treatment with a psychostimulant is highly effective in 75 to 90 percent of children with ADHD.
Treatment may include:
psychostimulant medications (stimulants)
Psychostimulant medications, used for their ability to balance chemicals in the brain that prohibit the child from maintaining attention and controlling impulses, may be used to reduce the major characteristics of ADHD, which include the following:
inattention
impulsivity
hyperactivity
There are four different psychostimulant medications that are commonly used to treat ADHD, including the following :
methylphenidate (Ritalin)
dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
pemoline (Cylert)
a mixture of amphetamine salts (Adderall)
Psychostimulants have been used to treat childhood behavior disorders since the 1930s. They have been widely studied. Stimulants take effect in the body quickly, work for one to four hours, and then leave the body quickly. Doses of stimulant medications need to be timed to match the child’s school schedule - to help the child pay attention for a longer period of time and improve classroom performance. The common side effects of stimulants may include, but are not limited to, the following:
insomnia
decreased appetite
stomach aches
headaches
jitteriness
rebound activation (when the effect of the stimulant wears off hyperactive and impulsive behaviors may increase for a short period of time)
Most side effects of stimulant use are mild, decrease with regular use, and respond to dose changes. Always discuss potential side effects with your child’s physician.
Antidepressant medications may also be administered for children and adolescents with ADHD to help improve attention while decreasing aggression, anxiety, and/or depression.
psychosocial treatments
Parenting children with ADHD may be difficult and can present challenges that create stress within the family. Classes in behavior management skills for parents can help reduce stress for all family members. Training in behavior management skills for parents usually occurs in a group setting which encourages parent-to-parent support. Behavior management skills may include the following:
use of “time out”
point systems
contingent attention (responding to child with positive attention when desired behaviors occur; withholding attention when undesired behaviors occurs)
Teachers may also be taught behavior management skills to use in the classroom setting. Training for teachers usually includes use of daily behavior reports that communicate in-school behaviors to parents.
Behavior management techniques tend to improve targeted behaviors (such as completing school work or keeping the child’s hands to himself/herself), but are not usually helpful in reducing inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity.
Prevention of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder:
Preventive measures to reduce the incidence of ADHD in children are not known at this time. However, early detection and intervention can reduce the severity of symptoms, decrease the interference of behavioral symptoms on school functioning, enhance the child’s normal growth and developmental process, and improve the quality of life experienced by children or adolescents with ADHD
Best Wishes and Lot’s of Love,
Arthur Buchanan
Out of Darkness & Into the Light
209 Ellis Ave. Suite 1313
Bellevue, Ohio44811
Listen To My RADIO SHOW! Wednesday @ 6:00 Eastern
Standard!
CRAZY TALK RADIO - Mental Illness and Me!
They are calling Arthur Buchanan’s methods of recovering from mental illness REVOLUTIONARY! (MEDICALCOLLEGE OF MICHIGAN) ‘Arthur Buchanan has given us a revolutionary blue print for recovery in these uncertain times, when Mental Illness at a all time high in the United States of America, yet if you follow this young mans methods, we assure you of positive results and I QUOTE ‘If these methods are followed precisely, their is no way you can’t see positive results with whatever illness you have’ -Dr. Herbert Palos Detroit, Michigan
=======================================================================
This Is The Best Thing I use!
www.1shoppingcart.com/app/?af=704015
=======================================================================
www.out-of-darkness.com www.biologicalhappiness.com
www.adhdandme.com www.mentalillnessandme.com
Starting Jan. 1St Me and My Dr Leland Heller, Will Have a Free
CD Out, Totally Free All You Have to Do Is Pay The Shipping
And Handling Charges.
This Is This My Drs. Leland Heller’s Website
www.biologicalunhappiness.com
The People That Have Listened To This Free CD Have Told Us
That We Should Charge $197 for This Groundbreaking CD,
You Will Never Forgive Yourself If You Pass This Up, Run Don’t
Walk To Get This Groundbreaking CD, It Will Literally Change
The Way You Look At Mental Health!!!
Jan. 1st We Will Be Offering a Free Newsletter From My
Doc. And I, We Will Answer 5 of The Most Pressing Questions
A Month and We Will List Them On The Websites, So Get Your Free CD.
Save a Life Yours!!
=======================================================================
I use This, Enough Said! GET It NOW!
buckster7.affirmware.hop.clickbank.net/Affirmation
=======================================================================
We would also like to inform you of three free reports. Sign-up up for the one you would like to have… or signup for all three.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition that becomes apparent in some children in the preschool and early school years. It is hard for these children to control their behavior and/or pay attention. It is estimated that between 3 and 5 percent of children have ADHD, or approximately 2 million children in the United States. This means that in a classroom of 25 to 30 children, it is likely that at least one will have ADHD.
(ADHD) Free Report
=======================================================================
This Is Life changing; I would tell you to get this,
Even if you were my own brother!
www.1shoppingcart.com/app/?af=704015
buckster7.johnhh.hop.clickbank.net/
=======================================================================
Depression is a serious medical condition that involves the body, mood, and thoughts. People with a depressive illness cannot merely “pull themselves together” and get better. Without treatment, symptoms can last for weeks, months, or years. Appropriate treatment, however, can help most people who have depression.
Depression: Free Report
Anxiety is a normal reaction to stress. It helps one deal with a tense situation in the office, study harder for an exam, keep focused on an important speech. In general, it helps one cope. But when anxiety becomes an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations, it has become a disabling disorder.
(Anxiety) Free Report
Go To www.out-of-darkness.com or www.biologicalhappiness.com and get your free reports!
